System and method for uniformly pricing items

ABSTRACT

A computer-assisted method for uniformly pricing chargeable items in a healthcare provider&#39;s chargeable item database is disclosed. The method applies uniform pricing to identical or related chargeable items. A system for uniformly pricing related chargeable items is also disclosed.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/836,248, filed on Aug. 9, 2007, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/822,010, filed on Aug. 10, 2006.

BACKGROUND

Computerized methods for reviewing a healthcare provider's chargeable item database are known in the art. However, these methods are often plagued with non-uniform pricing schemes for identical or related chargeable items. Such inconsistent pricing schemes are problematic for the provider in at least three respects. First, pricing errors can affect a provider's proper reimbursement. Second, pricing errors or inconsistent pricing can be a concern in terms of patients' perception as to why the same service within a single healthcare provider is priced differently in different departments within that healthcare provider. Finally, the inconsistent pricing generates inconsistent gross revenue charges which cause irregularities when the healthcare provider files the annual Medicare Cost Report, HCFA-2552 Cost Report.¹ Implementing and preserving uniform pricing between departments throughout the healthcare provider is an arduous task. ¹ Uniformity of changes is a provision in the Medicare Provider Manual to maintain consistency in the cost to charge ratio for calculations in the Medicare Cost Report, HCFA-2552.

SUMMARY

In an embodiment, a computer-assisted method for uniformly pricing a group of chargeable items that are each identified by an identifier is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of:

a. searching, using a processor, a chargeable item database for chargeable items that are identified by said identifier to create said group;

b. selecting, using said processor, a revenue data set to select a preselected parameter that is used to calculate a uniform price for said chargeable items in said group;

c. generating, using said processor, said uniform price, wherein said uniform price is generated according to a formula:

Uniform Price(I _(group))=Charged Price(I _(preselected parameter)),

wherein Uniform Price (I_(group)) is said generated uniform price for each said chargeable item in said group, and

wherein Charged Price (I_(preselected parameter)) is a price charged for one of said chargeable items in said group that satisfies said preselected parameter; and

d. repricing, using said processor, a price charged for each said chargeable item in said group according to said formula.

In another embodiment, a uniform pricing system for use by a healthcare provider is disclosed. The system comprises a chargeable item database that stores as data a line-item listing for each of a plurality of chargeable items that are chargeable by said healthcare provider to a patient, wherein said line-item listing for each of said chargeable items includes at least an identifier that identifies said chargeable item. The system also comprises a revenue and usage database that stores as data a revenue data set for one of said chargeable items actually charged to at least one patient by said healthcare provider, wherein said revenue data set includes statistical volume data about said chargeable item that was actually charged. The system also comprises a computer processor configured to execute instructions to:

i. search said chargeable item database for a plurality of chargeable items that are identified by a same said identifier to form a group;

ii. derive a preselected parameter from said revenue data set, wherein said preselected parameter is used to calculate a uniform price for said chargeable items in said group;

iii. generate said uniform price according to a formula:

Uniform Price(I _(group))=Charged Price(I _(preselected parameter)),

wherein Uniform Price (I_(group)) is said generated uniform price for each said chargeable item in said group, and

wherein Charged Price (I_(preselected parameter)) is a price charged for one of said chargeable items in said group that satisfies said preselected parameter; and

iv. reprice a price charged for each said chargeable item in said group according to said formula.

In another embodiment, an apparatus for uniformly pricing chargeable items is disclosed. The apparatus comprises means for searching a chargeable item database for chargeable items that are identified by said identifier to create said group. The apparatus also comprises means for selecting a revenue data set to select a preselected parameter that is used to calculate a uniform price for said chargeable items in said group. The apparatus further comprises means for generating said uniform price, wherein said uniform price is generated according to a formula:

Uniform Price(I _(group))=Charged Price(I _(preselected parameter)),

wherein Uniform Price (I_(group)) is said generated uniform price for each said chargeable item in said group, and

wherein Charged Price (I_(preselected parameter)) is a price charged for one of said chargeable items in said group that satisfies said preselected parameter. The apparatus further comprises means for repricing a price charged for each said chargeable item in said group according to said formula.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a system for uniformly pricing a chargeable item across departments of a healthcare provider.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are flowcharts illustrating an embodiment of a method for uniformly pricing a chargeable item across departments of a healthcare provider.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to properly understand the disclosure of the claimed invention, certain terms used herein are described in the following paragraph. While the inventors describe the following terms, the inventors in no way intend to disclaim the ordinary and accustomed meanings of these terms.

As used herein, “chargeable item” refers to a supply, service, or procedure provided by or on behalf of a healthcare provider that is chargeable to a patient who has received that supply, service, or procedure. Each chargeable item may be designated by a unique procedural code and a unique internal code. In examples, chargeable items are technical chargeable items such as healthcare provider charges for services, procedures, and supplies or professional chargeable items such as physician service charges.

As used herein, “internal code” refers to an alphanumeric identification code that identifies the department within a healthcare provider that offers a chargeable item. The internal code is stored in a healthcare provider's chargeable item database (defined below) on a departmental basis as part of the data for each line item.

As used herein, “procedural code” refers to an alphanumeric identification code that is assigned to a chargeable item and that is stored in a healthcare provider's chargeable item database as part of the data for each line item. In an example, the “procedural code” is “Current Procedural Terminology,” also referred to as “CPT®”, which is a listing of descriptive terms and identifying codes owned by the American Medical Association for reporting medical services and procedures performed by physicians and hospitals.^(2,3) The purpose of the descriptive procedural terminology of CPT is to provide a uniform manner of describing medical surgical and diagnostic services on a national basis. In another example, the procedural code is the HCFA Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes published by Medicare that are used to designate particular supplies, procedures, or services provided by a healthcare provider. In another example, the procedure code is the International Classification of Diseases codes published by the World Health Organization. In another example, the procedural code is derived from published codes developed by private insurance carriers or HMOs. ² CPT® is a registered trademark of the American Medical Association.³ Current Procedural Terminology is a copyright 2005 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved. No fee schedules, basic units, relative values, or related listings are included in CPT. The AMA assumes no liability for the data contained therein. Applicable FARS/DFARS restrictions apply to government use.

As used herein, a “modifier” means an additional alphanumeric code that further identifies the chargeable item described by a procedural code.

As used herein, “related chargeable item” means two or more chargeable items having the same procedural code.

As used herein, “uniformly pricing” refers to a method of consistently pricing related chargeable items offered by a plurality of departments of a healthcare provider in order to achieve consistent billing to patients for related chargeable items across departments.

As used herein, “chargeable item database” 20 also referred to as a “chargemaster” or a “service master,” and abbreviated in the figures as “CDM” is a database that stores as data a comprehensive and provider-specific line-item listing of all of the chargeable items that are chargeable by a healthcare provider to a patient. The chargeable item database 20 is stored on a computer-readable storage medium 40 and is coded in a form suitable for processing. Each line-item stored in the chargeable item database 20 contains a plurality of data about the chargeable item to which the line-item relates, including, for example: description, procedural code, price charged, internal code, and any necessary modifiers. An example of data shown in a chargeable item database is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Internal Procedural Charged Code Description Code Price Modifier XX1 Wrist x-ray, 73100 $85 2 view, Operating Room XX2 Wrist x-ray, 73100 $75 2 view, Emergency Room XX3 Wrist x-ray, 73100 $70 2 view, Radiology XX4 Wrist x-ray, 73100 $55 −52 2 view, Outpatient Clinic

As used herein, “revenue and usage database” 30, abbreviated in the figures as “RDS” is a database that stores the same data as is stored in the chargeable item database 20, and that further includes statistical volume data about the total number of units of each chargeable item actually charged to patients by the healthcare provider. In examples, the revenue and usage database 30 includes a data set of sales volume, gross revenue, and pricing for each chargeable item listed in the chargeable item database 20. The revenue data set is capable of being updated. In an example, the revenue data set for each chargeable item is stored in a database 30 that is stored on a computer-readable storage medium and coded in a form suitable for processing. In an example, the storage medium is the storage medium 40 on which the chargeable item database 20 is stored. In another example, the storage medium is a second storage medium 45, as shown in FIG. 1. In an alternate embodiment (not shown), each revenue data set is stored as one of the line-item data entries in the chargeable item database 20. Optionally, the revenue data set 30 is a utilization file created by or for the healthcare provider that is uploaded to one of the computer-readable storage media 40, 45 or to the chargeable item database 20. In an example, the revenue data set is collected at regular time intervals, such as daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, or annually. The revenue data set for each chargeable item comprises the gross revenue earned by the healthcare provider from sales of the chargeable item, the number of units of the chargeable item sold, or the price charged by the healthcare provider for the chargeable item. In an example, the revenue data set further comprises a predicted price that is the result of either a future price or a budgeted price change. Optionally, the revenue and usage database 30 also records the statistical volume data by whether the patient(s) receiving the chargeable item is an inpatient or an outpatient, and by which payor is responsible for paying the bill for the chargeable item on behalf of each patient. An example of data shown in a revenue and usage database 30 is shown in Table 2 (below).

In an embodiment, a system 10 of uniformly pricing chargeable items provided by a healthcare provider 80 is disclosed. In an example, the system 10 is embodied in a computer system 10 such as the one shown in FIG. 1, which shows an example of a system 10 that comprises at least one processor 60, 60 a that uses at least one set of instructions to implement uniform pricing in the chargeable item database 20. The components contained in the computer system of FIG. 1 may be those found in general purpose computer systems and the illustrated components are intended to represent a broad category of such computer components. Various embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented on computer-readable media. The terms “computer-readable medium” and “computer-readable media” in the plural as used herein may include, for example, magnetic and optical memory devices such as diskettes, compact disks of both read-only and writeable varieties, optical disk drives, hard disk drives, etc. A computer-readable medium may also include memory storage that can be physical, virtual, permanent, temporary, semi-permanent, and/or semi-temporary.

In various embodiments the system 10 is implemented in software, and the storage media 40, 45 stores the executable code when in operation. The main memory may include banks of dynamic random access memory (RAM) as well as high-speed capable memory. In embodiments where the system 10 is a computer system, the processor 60, 60 a may contain a single microprocessor, or may contain a plurality of microprocessors for configuring the computer as a multi-processor system.

As described in more detail below, in embodiments of the system 10, the processor 60, 60 a uses at least one set of instructions to review the chargeable item database 20 to identify chargeable items having the same procedural code (i.e., related chargeable items). In instances where related chargeable items have different internal codes (such that the chargeable item is offered by a plurality of departments within the healthcare provider) instructions determine if the price charged for each of those related chargeable items offered by the plurality of departments is uniform. Where the price charged is not uniform across departments, the processor 60, 60 a uses at least one set of instructions to calculate a uniform final price for the related chargeable items having the same procedural code. The final price is established by using a predetermined parameter, where the predetermined parameter is derived from data stored in a revenue and usage database 30. In an example, uniform pricing is implemented where the instructions set the predetermined parameter to be the highest sales volume, such that the price charged for each related chargeable item is updated in the chargeable item database 20 to equal the price charged for that related chargeable item having the highest sales volume. In another example, uniform pricing is implemented where the instructions set the predetermined parameter to be highest gross revenue, such that the price charged for each related chargeable item is updated in the chargeable item database 20 to equal the price charged for that related chargeable item having the highest gross revenue. In another example, uniform pricing is implemented where the instructions set the predetermined parameter to be the highest price, such that the price charged for each related chargeable item is updated in the chargeable item database 20 to equal the price charged for that related chargeable item having the highest price charged. The instructions require that the price charged for the chargeable item that meets the criteria required by the predetermined parameter is used to update the price charged by other departments for all other related chargeable items to generate uniform pricing for all related chargeable items that are identified by a particular procedural code.

Optionally, one of the data entries for at least one of the related chargeable items is an exclusionary code that flags that chargeable item to be excluded from calculations, updates, and/or uniform pricing. In an example, an item having an exclusionary code is designated by the code “True” or “T” and an item not having an exclusionary code is designated by the code “False” or “F.” Reasons for exclusion include but are not limited to: (1) the charged price is manually set by the healthcare provider; (2) there is no sales volume or gross revenue data for the chargeable item; and (3) the healthcare provider has designated that the charged price for the chargeable item is to be maintained at its current price.

The chargeable item database 20 is capable of being updated. Updates include changes to the data entries for chargeable items, including price. Updates may be implemented by a processor 60, 60 a that uses a set of computer-coded instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium 40, 45 to implement the update.

Optionally, the processor 60, 60 a uses instructions to generate a report that summarizes the result of the review and reports any calculated final prices or any updates made to the chargeable item database 20. The results of the review request or the search request may be displayed in a format that can be exported to a software-based file such as a Microsoft Excel® file.

Optionally, the system further comprises a duplicate database 25 that is a duplicate of the chargeable item database 20 and that is used to perform the review and update of the chargeable item database 20, as shown in FIG. 1. The processor 60, 60 a uses instructions to create the duplicate chargeable item or revenue and usage database 25, 35, respectively, which is stored on one of the storage media 40, 45 and replaces or overwrites any preceding duplicate database stored therein. Following the review, calculations, and updates, if any, the processor 60, 60 a then uses instructions to export the final price from the duplicate database 25, 35 to the chargeable item database 20, 30 to implement the changes by updating the charged price for each of the related chargeable items.

In order to display textual and graphical information, the system contains 10 the graphics subsystem and the output display (not shown). In an example, the readable formats are displayed on an output display. The output display may include a cathode ray tube display or a liquid crystal display. The graphics subsystem receives textual and graphical information and processes the converted requested update and corresponding data entry from the duplicate database 25 for display on the output display. A graphical user interface (GUI) designed to collect certain information regarding data entries or chargeable items can be used to facilitate entry of the requested update and the corresponding data entry.

The system 10 may further include a mass storage device, peripheral devices, portable storage medium drives, input control devices, a graphics subsystem, and an output display (not shown). The computer system may be connected through one or more data transport means, such as a network 50. For example, the processor 60, 60 a and the main memory may be connected via a local microprocessor bus, and the mass storage device, peripheral devices, portable storage medium drives, and graphics subsystem may be connected via one or more input/output (I/O) busses. The mass storage device, which may be implemented with a magnetic disk drive or an optical disk drive, is non-volatile storage device for storing data and instructions for use by the processor. In the software embodiment, the mass storage device stores the information software for loading to the main memory.

The system 10 optionally comprises an input device (not shown) for inputting the requested review. The input device has an input control device that provides a portion of the user interface for a user of the system and an input display. Examples of the input control device are an alphanumeric keypad for inputting alphanumeric and other information, or a cursor control device such as a mouse, a trackball, a stylus, or cursor direction keys. In order to display textual and graphic information, the computer system 10 contains the graphics subsystem and the input display. Examples of the input display include a cathode ray tube display or a liquid crystal display. The graphics subsystem receives textual and graphical information and processes the submitted input for display on the input display. A graphical user interface (GUI) that is designed to collect certain information regarding chargeable items can be used to facilitate entry or input. The input device is optionally a software or web-based application that enables the authorized user to submit input, including the review request or a search request to search the duplicate database 25, 35.

In another embodiment, a computer-implemented method of uniformly pricing items is disclosed. An example of the method of uniform pricing is shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. The revenue data set is accessed in step 200 and in step 300 a linking method is selected to derive a preselected parameter that is used to calculate the final price for related chargeable items. In an example, the preselected parameter is selected based on business-driven factors that are predetermined by the healthcare provider.

In step 400, the chargeable item database is accessed to create a linked group. In an example, a linked group is created by searching the chargeable item database for a selected procedural code to identify related chargeable items, such as by identifying multiple chargeable items in the chargeable item database that have the same procedural code. A linked group is formed where the selected procedural code is entered in the chargeable item database more than one time. All members of a linked group are related chargeable items. If the selected procedural code is not entered in the chargeable item database more than one time, then no further action is required and no updates to the chargeable item database are required, as in step 500, and optionally steps 200 through 400 are repeated for linking on another procedural code.

Optionally, at step 600, the linked group is further defined by narrowing the linked group based on additional linking, such as on another identifier. In an example, the group of chargeable items in the linked group created at step 400 is further narrowed to those chargeable items that include a particular modifier.

At step 700, the method confirms whether the price charged for each chargeable item in the group is uniform. If pricing is uniform, then the method goes back to step 500, described above, to determine if another group should be created. If pricing is not uniform, then the method goes to step 800.

At step 800 the related chargeable items in the linked group are evaluated to determine if any are marked in one of the databases to be excluded from the linking method. Any related chargeable item that is to be excluded from linking is excluded from the calculations in step 900.

At step 1000, it is confirmed that the number of related chargeable items in the linked group is greater than one. If the number of related chargeable items in the linked group is less than or equal to one, then the method repeats step 500, described above.

If the number of related chargeable items in the linked group is greater than one, then at step 1010, the final price for each unexcluded related chargeable item is calculated to be the charged price for the related chargeable item having the preselected parameter derived from the revenue data set in step 200. As described above and as illustrated in an example in Appendix A hereto, the predetermined parameter is the highest sales volume, such that the chargeable item database is updated so that the price charged for each related chargeable item in the linked group is updated to equal the price charged for the related chargeable item having the highest sales volume. In another example, the predetermined parameter is the highest gross revenue, such that the chargeable item database is updated so that the price charged for each related chargeable item is updated to equal the price charged for that related chargeable item having the highest gross revenue. In another example, the predetermined parameter is the highest price, such that the chargeable item database is updated so that the price charged for each related chargeable item is updated to equal the price charged for that related chargeable item having the highest price charged.

At step 1020, all items in the linked group are repriced so that the final price for each related chargeable item is priced as calculated at step 1010 according to the predetermined parameter.

At step 1030, the method asks if further modification to the final price is required. If no, then the method goes to step 1050, at which chargeable item database is updated so that the price charged for each chargeable item in the linked group is equal to the price calculated at step 1010. If yes, then at step 1040, the final price is further modified, and then at step 1050, the chargeable item database is updated so that the price charged for each chargeable item in the linked group is equal to the further modified price calculated at step 1040.

Optionally, at step 1060, the method repeats for another group of related chargeable items.

Optionally, the method further comprises generating a report at step 1070. The report may be generated following any of steps 200-1050 above, although in the example shown in FIG. 2, the report is generated following the step 1060.

EXAMPLES

Table 2 provides the data entries in a revenue and usage database for four chargeable items having item identifiers of XX1, XX2, XX3, and XX4 and the corresponding revenue data set for each. Related chargeable items XX1-XX4 have the same procedural code 73100. Item XX4 is designated with an exclusionary code “T,” to exclude Item XX4 from all linking calculations. Therefore, any price updates to related chargeable items having procedural code 73100 will not be implemented for Item XX4 and the charged price will remain $55.

Table 2 also provides the revenue data set for each chargeable item XX1-XX4. In the examples below, the predetermined parameter is selected from these data sets to calculate the final price to update the price charged for each unexcluded related chargeable item XX1-XX3. The examples below illustrate the use of a variety of predetermined parameters for the calculations.

TABLE 2 Proce- Exclu- Internal dural sionary Charged Sales Gross Code Description Code Code Price Volume Revenue XX1 Wrist 73100 F $85 110 $9350 x-ray, 2 view, Operating Room XX2 Wrist 73100 F $75 50 $3750 x-ray, 2 view, Emergency Room XX3 Wrist 73100 F $70 205 $13325 x-ray, 2 view, Radiology XX4 Wrist 73100 T $55 275 $15125 x-ray, 2 view, Outpatient Clinic

Example 1

In this example, the instructions instruct that the final price of the related chargeable items equals the charge price of the related chargeable item having the highest gross revenue. The instructions utilize the equation set forth in Appendix A attached hereto to compare the gross revenue of each of items XX1-XX3. Then, the final price is calculated to equal the charged price of the chargeable item having the highest gross revenue. In this example, the gross revenue of Item XX3, $13325, is greater than the gross revenue of either Item XX1 or XX2. Therefore, the final price for Items XX1-XX3 is calculated by the instructions to equal the charge price of Item XX3, $65. This is depicted in Table 3, below. As described above, the final price for Item XX4 is not updated because of the exclusionary code.

TABLE 3 Proce- Exclu- Internal dural sionary Charged Gross Final Code Description Code Code Price Revenue Price XX1 Wrist 73100 F $85 $9350 $70 x-ray, 2 view, Operating Room XX2 Wrist 73100 F $75 $3750 $70 x-ray, 2 view, Emergency Room XX3 Wrist 73100 F $70 $13325 $70 x-ray, 2 view, Radiology XX4 Wrist 73100 T $55 $15125 $55 x-ray, 2 view, Outpatient Clinic

Example 2

In this example, the instructions instruct that the final price of the related chargeable items equal the charge price of the related chargeable item having the highest charge price. The instructions utilize the equation set forth in Appendix A attached hereto to compare the reference of each of items XX1-XX3. Then, the final price is calculated to equal the charge price of the chargeable item having the highest charge price. In this example, the charge price of Item XX1, $85, is greater than the charge price of either Item XX2 or XX3. Therefore, the final price for Items XX1-XX3 is calculated by the instructions to equal the charge price of Item XX1, $85. This is depicted in Table 4, below. As described above, the final price for Item XX4 is not updated because of the exclusionary code.

TABLE 4 Proce- Exclu- Internal dural sionary Charged Gross Final Code Description Code Code Price Revenue Price XX1 Wrist 73100 F $85 $9350 $85 x-ray, 2 view, Operating Room XX2 Wrist 73100 F $75 $3750 $85 x-ray, 2 view, Emergency Room XX3 Wrist 73100 F $70 $13325 $85 x-ray, 2 view, Radiology XX4 Wrist 73100 T $55 $15125 $55 x-ray, 2 view, Outpatient Clinic

Example 3

In this example, the instructions instruct that the final price of the related chargeable items equal the charge price of the related chargeable item having the lowest sales volume. The instructions utilize the equation set forth in Appendix A attached hereto to compare the sales of each of items XX1-XX3. Then, the final price is calculated to equal the charge price of the chargeable item having the lowest sales volume. In this example, the sales volume of Item XX2, 50, is less than the sales volume of either Item XX1 or XX3. Therefore, the final price for Items XX1-XX3 is calculated by the instructions to equal the charge price of Item XX2, $75. This is depicted in Table 5, below. As described above, the final price for Item XX4 is not updated because of the exclusionary code.

TABLE 5 Proce- Exclu- Internal dural sionary Charged Sales Final code Description Code Code Price Volume Price XX1 Wrist 73100 F $85 110 $75 x-ray, 2 view, Operating Room XX2 Wrist 73100 F $75 50 $75 x-ray, 2 view, Emergency Room XX3 Wrist 73100 F $70 205 $75 x-ray, 2 view, Radiology XX4 Wrist 73100 T $55 275 $55 x-ray, 2 view, Outpatient Clinic

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described with particularity in connection with the accompanying drawings, the invention may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the following claims.

APPENDIX A

PC Procedural code of interest I_(n) Items having PC, where n=1 . . . n CP_(n) Charged price for item n N Number of items having PC, N=n

EFP Final Price

V_(n) Sales Volume for item n GP Group of related chargeable items (i.e., each I_(n) has same PC) GR_(n) Gross revenue for item n E T (exclude) or F (don't exclude) P preselected parameter, where P is P_(v) (volume), P_(gr) (gross revenue), CP_(n) (charge price)

Step One:

The first step is to identify within the Revenue Data Set all occurrences whereas there are multiple instances of chargeable items that contain identical Procedure Codes. If there are any instances of multiple Procedure Codes, the method then goes to STEP TWO. Is N>1? (where N is the number of items having PC)

Step Two:

STEP TWO goes to the Revenue Data Set to determine if any of the chargeable items with identical procedure codes have an Exclusionary Flag. Excluded is a characteristic assigned in the chargeable item database and is denoted by a “True” or “T” designation in the chargeable item database. If a chargeable item is not excluded, it is denoted by a “False” or “F” designation in the chargeable item database. If an item is excluded, it is denoted by a “True” or “T” designation. Any excluded item is considered separately for further analysis and calculation. If N>1, then for each item 1 to n, does E=T or E=F? If E=T for any item I_(n), then FP for I_(n)=CP_(n).

Step Three:

STEP THREE allows the user to make a selection to identify the PRESELECTED CRITERION under which the chargeable items that contain identical Procedure Codes will be commonly priced such as the highest volume or lowest price.

Step Four:

STEP FOUR is where the calculation takes place to determine what price will be used to commonly price all non-excluded chargeable items as follows:

Example No. 1: Highest Price

From I_(n) in GP find MAX (CP_(n)); for all I_(n) GP, set FP=MAX (CP_(n))

Example No. 2: Lowest Price

From I_(n) in GP find MIN (CP_(n)); for all I_(n) GP, set FP=MIN (CP_(n))

Example No. 3: Highest Gross Revenue

From I_(n) in GP find MAX (GR_(n)); for all I_(n) GP, set FP=MAX (GR_(n))

Example No. 4: Lowest Gross Revenue

From I_(n) in GP find MIN (GR_(n)); for all I_(n) GP, set FP=MIN (GR_(n))

Example No. 5: Highest Volume

From I_(n) in GP find MAX (V_(n)); for all I_(n) GP, set FP=MAX (V_(n))

Example No. 6: Lowest Volume

From I_(n) in GP find MIN (V_(n)); for all I_(n) GP, set FP=MIN (V_(n)) 

1. A computer-assisted method for uniformly pricing a group of chargeable items that are each identified by an identifier, said method comprising the steps of: a. searching, using a processor, a chargeable item database for chargeable items that are identified by said identifier to create said group; b. selecting, using said processor, a revenue data set to select a preselected parameter that is used to calculate a uniform price for said chargeable items in said group; c. generating, using said processor, said uniform price, wherein said uniform price is generated according to a formula: Uniform Price(I _(group))=Charged Price(I _(preselected parameter)), wherein Uniform Price (I_(group)) is said generated uniform price for each said chargeable item in said group, and wherein Charged Price (I_(preselected parameter)) is a price charged for one of said chargeable items in said group that satisfies said preselected parameter; and d. repricing, using said processor, a price charged for each said chargeable item in said group according to said formula.
 2. The computer-assisted method as in claim 1, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest gross revenue, a lowest gross revenue, a mean gross revenue, a median gross revenue, and a gross revenue falling within a percentile.
 3. The computer-assisted method as in claim 1, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest sales volume, a lowest sales volume, a mean sales volume, a median sales volume, and a sales volume falling within a percentile.
 4. The computer-assisted method as in claim 1, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest price, a lowest price, a mean price, a median price, and a price falling within a percentile.
 5. The computer-assisted method as in claim 1, wherein said unique identifier is a procedural code.
 6. The computer-assisted method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of, using said processor, updating said chargeable item database so that said price charged for each said chargeable item in said group is equal to said uniform price.
 7. The computer-assisted method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of generating, using said processor, a report that summarizes said step of repricing.
 8. The computer-assisted method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of excluding, using said processor, an excluded chargeable item from said group.
 9. A uniform pricing system for use by a healthcare provider, comprising: a. a chargeable item database that stores as data a line-item listing for each of a plurality of chargeable items that are chargeable by said healthcare provider to a patient, wherein said line-item listing for each of said chargeable items includes at least an identifier that identifies said chargeable item; b. a revenue and usage database that stores as data a revenue data set for one of said chargeable items actually charged to at least one patient by said healthcare provider, wherein said revenue data set includes statistical volume data about said chargeable item that was actually charged; and c. a computer processor configured to execute instructions to: i. search said chargeable item database for a plurality of chargeable items that are identified by a same said identifier to form a group; ii. derive a preselected parameter from said revenue data set, wherein said preselected parameter is used to calculate a uniform price for said chargeable items in said group; iii. generate said uniform price according to a formula: Uniform Price(I _(group))=Charged Price(I _(preselected parameter)), wherein Uniform Price (I_(group)) is said generated uniform price for each said chargeable item in said group, and wherein Charged Price (I_(preselected parameter)) is a price charged for one of said chargeable items in said group that satisfies said preselected parameter; and iv. reprice a price charged for each said chargeable item in said group according to said formula.
 10. The system as in claim 9, wherein said processor is comprised of at least two processors, wherein any of said processors is configured to execute any of said instructions.
 11. The system as in claim 9, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest gross revenue, a lowest gross revenue, a mean gross revenue, a median gross revenue, and a gross revenue falling within a percentile.
 12. The system as in claim 9, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest sales volume, a lowest sales volume, a mean sales volume, a median sales volume, and a sales volume falling within a percentile.
 13. The system as in claim 9, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest price, a lowest price, a mean price, a median price, and a price falling within a percentile.
 14. The system as in claim 9, wherein said unique identifier is a procedural code.
 15. The system as in claim 9, wherein said processor is further configured to execute instructions to exclude an excluded chargeable item from said group.
 16. An apparatus for uniformly pricing chargeable items, said apparatus comprising: a. means for searching a chargeable item database for chargeable items that are identified by said identifier to create said group; b. means for selecting a revenue data set to select a preselected parameter that is used to calculate a uniform price for said chargeable items in said group; c. means for generating said uniform price, wherein said uniform price is generated according to a formula: Uniform Price(I _(group))=Charged Price(I _(preselected parameter)), wherein Uniform Price (I_(group)) is said generated uniform price for each said chargeable item in said group, and wherein Charged Price (I_(preselected parameter)) is a price charged for one of said chargeable items in said group that satisfies said preselected parameter; and d. means for repricing a price charged for each said chargeable item in said group according to said formula.
 17. The apparatus as in claim 16, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest gross revenue, a lowest gross revenue, a mean gross revenue, a median gross revenue, and a gross revenue falling within a percentile.
 18. The apparatus as in claim 16, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest sales volume, a lowest sales volume, a mean sales volume, a median sales volume, and a sales volume falling within a percentile.
 19. The apparatus as in claim 16, wherein said preselected parameter is selected from the group consisting of a highest price, a lowest price, a mean price, a median price, and a price falling within a percentile.
 20. The apparatus as in claim 16, wherein said unique identifier is a procedural code. 